Chapter I - Human Anatomy

What is Anatomy?

Anatomy (from the Greek word meaning to cut up, cut open) is the branch of biology that deals with the structure and organization of living things. It can be divided into animal anatomy (zootomy) and plant anatomy (phytonomy). Major branches of anatomy include comparative anatomy, histology, and human anatomy.

So intricate is the human body that only a small number of professional human anatomists, after years of patient observation, are complete masters of all its details; most of them specialize on certain parts, such as the brain or viscera, contenting themselves with a good working knowledge of the rest.

Before proceeding to understand anything about human body, it is imperative to know atleast the names of major body systems and organs present in human body that make it so intricate and astonishing.

Fig: Human Anatomy

MAJOR BODY SYSTEMS:
Integumentary system
Muscular system
Nervous system
Reproductive system
Respiratory system
Excretory system
Circulatory system
Lymphatic system
Skeletal system (Human skeleton)
Endocrine system
Digestive system
Immune system

ORGANS:
Anus
Appendix
Brain
Breast
Colon or large intestine
Diaphragm
Ear
Eye
Heart
Kidney
Labia
Larynx
Liver
Lungs
Nose
Ovary
Pharynx
Pancreas
Penis
Placenta
Rectum
Skin
Small intestine
Spleen
Stomach
Tongue
Uterus

BONES IN THE HUMAN SKELETON:
Collar bone (clavicle)
Thigh bone (femur)
Humerus
Mandible
Patella
Radius
Skull
Tibia
Ulna
Rib
Vertebrae
Pelvis
Sternum

GLANDS:
Ductless gland
Mammary gland
Salivary gland
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
Adrenal gland
Pituitary gland
Pineal gland

TISSUES:
Connective tissue
Endothelial tissue
Epithelial tissue
Glandular tissue
Lymphoid tissue

Externally visible parts of the human body:
Abdomen
Arm
Back
Buttock
Chest
Ear
Eye
Face
Genitals
Head
Joint
Leg
Mouth
Neck
Scalp
Skin
Teeth
Tongue

Other Anatomic Terms:
Artery
Coelom
Diaphragm
Gastrointestinal tract
Hair
Exoskeleton
Lip
Nerve
Peritoneum
Serous membrane
Skeleton
Skull
Spinal cord
Vein